Current Issue : April-June Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 9 Articles
A comparative analysis of Blood Component Usage and wastage was performed in the Nukem Blood Bank & Rotary Suzlon Blood Component Center, Haria L. G. Rotary hospital (Vapi) during 2007-2008. Reasons for wastage of blood componenets and trends for reducing blood component wastage were analyzed. Questions about the reasons for wastage and the methods for reducing such wastage were created to help the Staff of the Blood Bank to improve utilization of blood. The collection and utilization of blood and its components had a tendency to increase from 2007 to 2008. There was found to be a great degree of variation in the percent wastage, particularly in the Rh –ve blood type, leading to incense of non availability as well as discarded due to expiry. The most frequent reason for wastage was breakage and RBC contamination (for FFP) and expiry (for PC and for pRBCs). The most encountered reason for utilization was anemia, Thrombocytopenia (especially for PC), Surgery, accidently injury and hepatitis (especially FFP). Blood and its components are very important resource due to shortage. A proper inventory management system and up gradation of facilities and training of staff is necessary to ensure optimum utilization and minimize wastage....
The genus Glycyrrhiza consists of about 30 species in which G. glabra, G. uralensis, G. inflata, G. aspera, G. korshinskyi, and G. eurycarpa are generally recognized as licorice because of their sweet taste. The roots and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza) species have long been used worldwide as a herbal medicine and natural sweetener. Licorice root is a traditional medicine used mainly for the treatment of peptic ulcer, skin diseases and clinical studies suggest that it has several other useful pharmacological properties such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidative, anticancer activities, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effects. A large number of components have been isolated from licorice, including triterpene saponins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids and chalcones, with glycyrrhitic acid normally being considered to be the main biologically active component. This review summarizes the phytochemical study and anticancer effects of bioactive components of licorice....
The use of aloe vera is being promoted for a large variety of conditions. Often general practitioners seem to know less than their patients about its alleged benefits. To define the clinical effectiveness of aloe vera, a popular herbal remedy in the United Kingdom. Four independent literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biosis, and the Cochrane Library. Only controlled clinical trials (on any indication) were included. There were no restrictions on the language of publication. All trials were read by both authors and data were extracted in a standardized, pre-defined manner. Ten studies were located. They suggest that oral administration of aloe vera might be a useful adjunct for lowering blood glucose in diabetic patients as well as for reducing blood lipid levels in patients with hyperlipidaemia. Topical application of aloe vera is not an effective preventative for radiation-induced injuries. It might be effective for genital herpes and psoriasis. Whether it promotes wound healing is unclear. There are major caveats associated with all of these statements. Even though there are some promising results, clinical effectiveness of oral or topical aloe vera is not sufficiently defined at present....
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with many clinical characteristics including Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity which collectively termed as metabolic syndrome or the insulin resistance syndrome. Adiponectin is an adipokines which help to prevent the development of NASH and cirrhosis. Pioglitazone therapy is associated with improvements in steatosis, parenchymal inflammation, cell injury, and fibrosis. Adiponectin level in plasma are increased by pioglitazone treatment that improves steatosis and necroinflammation....
Hypertension is a condition of persistently elevated blood pressure, associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Non-invasive BP measurement using Korotkoff sounds is the most common method of screening for the condition. The possibility of inaccurate readings leading to a false diagnosis of hypertension (pseudo-hypertension) is of concern. Stiffened arteries in the elderly have been proposed as being the primary cause of pseudo-hypertension. Non-invasive detection of pseudo-hypertension remains problematic. This paper reviews clinical literature on pseudo hypertension and approaches to measuring the compressive stiffness of arteries, as well as biomechanical literature regarding models of arterial stiffness and the origin of Korotkoff sounds. Models of the latter show the importance of the relationship between transmural pressure and cross-sectional area of the brachial artery as it closes under the influence of the pressure cuff. The review concludes that future research on pseudo-hypertension should include development of new instrumentation to measure the a curve of the brachial artery in vivo using non-invasive techniques suitable for application to an elderly population...
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack is the disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle (Myocardium) i.e. coronary heart disease. The area of heart muscle that has either zero flow or so little flow that it cannot sustain cardiac muscle function is said to be infracted and the overall process is called a myocardial infarction. MI are of two types; transmural and subendocardial. Mainly it is caused due to oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.Chest pain is the most common symptom of acute MI and is often described as a sensation of tightness, pressure, or squeezing. Other symptoms include diaphoresis (an excessive form of sweating), Shortness of breath (dyspnea), weakness, light-headedness, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations. The most common symptoms of MI in women include dyspnea, weakness, and fatigue, sleep disturbances. It can be treated by using blockers, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and nitrates....
Postpartum thyroiditis is a common thyroid disorder that presents during the first postpartum year. The actual cause of this condition is unknown. Increased risk of postpartum thyroiditis is observed in condition like an immune system disorder, type 1 diabetes or a history of thyroiditis. The prevalence of postpartum thyroiditis varies widely. The recurrence rate in postpartum thyroiditis is high. Seventy percent of women with a prior episode of postpartum thyroiditis develop a recurrence in the subsequent pregnancy. There are a number of symptoms of postpartum thyroiditis that can appear during both the hyperthyroid and hypothyroid phases of the condition. Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism can be confirmed with blood tests. Treatment generally isn't needed for mild signs and symptoms. Hypothyroidism is treated by organotherapy, a complementary therapy used in homeopathy to bring balance back to organs....
These review articles concerned about the therapies are used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Rhinitis is an independent risk factor for the subsequent development of asthma in both atopic and Nona topic individuals. Controlled studies have provided conflicting results regarding the benefits for asthma symptoms of treating comorbid allergic rhinitis with intranasal corticosteroids. Effects of other treatments for comorbid allergic rhinitis, including antihistamines, allergen immunotherapy, systemic anti-IgE therapy, and antileukotriene agents, have been examined in a limited number of studies; anti-IgE therapy and antileukotriene agents such as the leukotriene receptor antagonists have benefits for treating both allergic rhinitis and asthma. When the antilukotrine and anti –histamine are give in combination give the better benefits compare the give alone Combining montelukast with either levocetirizine or desloratadine gave additional benefits in comparison to each agent alone and could be considered for patients whose quality of life is impaired by persistent allergic rhinitis....
Human stem cells are those cells from which the different types of cells in a developing organism grow and that generate new cells throughout an organism’s life. Three main types of stem cells are available.(i) Those present in normal adult tissue: contrary to what was believed, some data suggest that certain adult stem cells have a great plasticity (they can differentiate into cells different from those in tissues from which they were taken) and can proliferate in vitro without losing their properties. Nevertheless, their use faces several obstacles: in ill or elderly subjects, then these cells can be limited in number or not multiply well in vitro. In this case, auto-grafting of the cells cannot be used. They must be sought in another subject, and allo-grafting causes difficult and sometimes insoluble problems of immunological tolerance.(ii) Embryonic stem cells from surplus human embryos, obtained by in vitro fertilisation, which the parents decide not to use: these cells have a great potential for proliferation and differentiation, but can also encounter problems of immunological intolerance. (iii) Cells obtained from cell nuclear transfer in oocytes: these cells are well tolerated, since they are genetically and immunologically identical to those of the host. All types of stem cells can be obtained with them. However, they do present problems. For obtaining them, female oocytes are needed, which could lead to their commercialization. Moreover, the first steps for obtaining these cells are identical to those used in reproductive cloning. It therefore appears that each type of cell raises difficult scientific and practical problems. More research is needed to overcome these obstacles and to determine which type of stem cell constitutes the best solution for each type of disease and each patient....
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